Molson Canada Social Media Marketing free essay sample

Molson Canada has been facing negative reactions their recent social media marketing initiative, Cold Shots Campus Challenge. Parties claimed that this Facebook contest promoted irresponsible drinking behaviours among university students. As a result, Molson pulled the contest one week before the scheduled deadline. Now, Molson must evaluate the use of social media, specifically Facebook, in its marketing strategy. The available alternatives are to revamp the Facebook initiative, to focus on static webpages or to focus on traditional marketing strategies. The recommendation is to revamp the Facebook initiative over a period of three months with ongoing monitors and checkpoints. The projected cost of this recommendation is $75,500 initially, with recurrent annual costs of $36,000 per year. The advantage of this recommendation is that it can be easily expanded to include other types of social media, such as micro blogging, video sharing, photo sharing and online forums if the response to this project is positive. We will write a custom essay sample on Molson Canada Social Media Marketing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 2 I. Key Issues Molson Canada faces four key issues moving forward from November 2007. The first issue is related to brand image. Brand image is the most important and urgent issue (see Chart 1) because of the negative feedback Molson received as a result of the Cold Shot Campus Challenge Facebook initiative. Molson is seen as promoting irresponsible drinking behaviour. In order to rectify the situation, Molson build and increase corporate social responsibility and continue to engage the community in a positive way. Another key issue is customer loyalty. There many negative responses to the Cold Shot Campus Challenge. These responses revolved around the issue of privacy issues of Facebook users. Moreover, because of these unethical practices, customer loyalty to Molson brand may have been negatively affected. Customer loyalty is ranked as an issue of low importance and high urgency because Molson Canada has customer loyalty currently, having been around since 1796. It is ranked as urgent, because new consumers may be affected by the bad press Molson is getting as a result of the Cold Shot Campus Challenge. Thirdly, competition is an important issue for Molson. Molson faces high completion both on the domestic and international level. At the domestic level, Molson’s main competitor is Labatt bear. At the international level, Molson competes against InBev NV, Anheuser-Busch and SABMiller. Molson has a strong market position domestically, so the issue of competition is rated as high importance, but low urgency. If Molson is able to successfully use social media marketing, they may see an increase in market share, domestically and internationally. Competition is ranked as high importance, but low urgency because it is an issue that can be dealt with in the long term. 3 Finally, profitability is ranked as low importance and low urgency in the issues matrix in Chart 3. Molson faces fluctuating costs of input material, such as barley, wheat and aluminium. In 2007 saw the price of barley fluctuate widely (see Graph 1). If Molson is able to successfully market their product online, then they will be able to increase sales, thereby offsetting these fluctuations in profit margins. Chart 1: Ranking of Issues Urgency\ Importance Low Low Profitability High Customer Loyalty High Competition Brand Image II. Analysis SWOT Analysis Strength Strong Market Share Strong Brand Image Strong Revenue Brand Loyalty Opportunities International markets (Asia, SE Asia) Diversifying products/brands Social media marketing still relatively new Weakness Rely on a few product names Cannibalism Threats Strong Competition Fluctuation commodity prices (barley, wheat, aluminium) Molson’s strength is that it has a strong domestic market share, currently at 41% by volume in 2006. They also have strong revenue, generating $3. 61 billion in 2006 (Molson Coors 2006 annual report, 165). Internationally, Molson has 3. 8% market share, the fourth largest. Molson also has a strong brand image because of corporate social responsibility initiatives and community involvement. Community involvement includes the responsible drinking program, charitable initiatives and sports and entertainment sponsorships. Molson has brand loyalty because they have been established in Canada for more than 200 years. A weakness is that 4 Molson has few differentiated products and, therefore, may face cannibalism of their product lines. Currently, Molson’s strongest markets are North America and Europe. An opportunity for Molson is to branch into Asian markets. Another opportunity would be for Molson to diversify their product brand to include beverages other than alcoholic drinks. A marketing opportunity for Molson is to further develop their social media marketing strategy because their competitors have not yet successfully integrated social media into their marketing strategy. Some threats that Molson faces are fluctuating prices of barley, wheat and aluminium. Furthermore, they face high competition in the industry level. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis Threat of New Entrants (Low) Bargining Power of Suppliers (Medium) Competitive Rivalry within Industry (High) Bargining Power of Buyers (Medium) Threat of Substitute Products (Medium) Molson Canada faces high competition within the industry. Although they are currently leading with 41% of market share in Canada, Labatt is trailing closely behind. Internationally, Molson ranks in fourth place. The threat of new entrants is low because of high capital costs and the 5 existence of established brands. The threat of substitute products is medium because alcohol is composed of readily available products, competition is high in the industry and there is little differentiation between products. The bargaining power of buyers is medium because of availability of substitute products, buyer information and little differential advantage. Finally, bargaining power of suppliers is medium because of fluctuating input costs. The following graph illustrates the constantly changing price for barley. Graph 1: Barley Monthly Prices, October 2006 to December 2007 210 US dollars/metric ton 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 Oct-06 Jan-07 Apr-07 Aug-07 Nov-07 Feb-08 (Barley Monthly Prices, 2007) Graph 2: Stock Market Prices of Molson (TAP) in 2007 (NYSE; http://www.wikinvest. com/wiki/TAP) 6 Looking at the share prices from October 2007 to December 2007, we can see that when the Cold Shots Campus Challenge was launched in mid-October, there was an increase in the stock price to the mid-50’s, however, throughout the marketing campaign, the stock prices dropped until it was pulled in end of November. Also 2007 saw fluctuating input costs which may also be a result of the fluctuating stock prices. Facebook is a social media opportunity that Molson should take advantage of. In 2007 Facebook had over 50 million active users (Facebook). Many of these users are part of the demographics that Molson wishes to target (younger generation). III. Alternatives Recommendations Alternative 1: Revamp Facebook initiative In this initiative, Molson would revamp the Facebook initiative by using the Facebook platform, but use Facebook as a medium to connect with and build relationships with customers, not for competitions. The advantage of this alternative is that Molson can build upon the Facebook group that currently exists. Furthermore, they can target the 18-24 year old demographic. Finally, if the relationship is maintained well, this direct contact with their customers can foster brand awareness and brand loyalty. The disadvantages of this alternative would be that consumers might associate the new Facebook initiative with the failed Cold Shot Campus Challenge and react negatively. Another disadvantage is that it is difficult to predict the reaction from different parties. Furthermore, the feedback obtained from the Facebook group must be scrutinized as some people may be pranksters. Finally, it is difficult to quantify results of this initiative. Pros of Alternative 1 Utilize current Facebook groups and website Targets 18-24 year old demographic Cons of Alternative 1 Lingering negative feelings Facebook contests from the Cold Shot Campus Challenge. Unknown customers/future customer response 7 Pros of Alternative 1 Create and maintain relationships with customers and future customers Increase brand awareness Increase brand loyalty Cons of Alternative 1 Unknown outcome Cannot trust the feedback Difficult to quantify results Alternative 2: Use static sites, such as blogs or a static website. Molson has already experimented with blogs and static websites. This advantage of this alternative is that Molson will be able to control the content, and therefore, how they are perceived on the Internet. However, this alternative does not specifically market to their target group of 18-24 year olds. Also, Molson’s competitors will also have websites; therefore it would be hard for Molson to differentiate from the competition. Finally, static websites do not create strong brand loyalty. Pros of Alternative 2 Control content of Internet presence Create an online presence Cons of Alternative 2 Does not build relationship with the client Competition also have websites Does not specifically market to 18-24 year old demographic Does not build brand loyalty Difficult to quantify results Alternative 3: Pull out of social media and focus on traditional marketing methods In this alternative, Molson Canada would stop using social media marketing in their marketing strategy. Instead, Molson will focus on traditional marketing methods. Pros of Alternative 3 Eliminate the risk of social media campaign failure Eliminate ethical issues around the use of social media Eliminate costs associated with maintaining social media sites Cons of Alternative 3 Competitors may gain advantage if they successfully incorporate social media in their marketing strategies Does not take advantage of potential advertising in social media 8 Decision Matrix Criteria Brand Image Competition Customer Loyalty Profitability Total Weight Revamp Facebook 0. 4 3 0. 3 3 0. 2 3 0. 1 3 1. 0 2. 3 Static Web Pages 2 2 1 3 1. 9 No Social Media 1 1 1 1 1. 0 IV. Implementation Action Plan The effectiveness of social media marketing strategies depends on the goals and general direction the company wants to take. The goals of social media marketing strategies tend to revolve around increasing brand awareness, visibility, feedback or promoting a lifestyle. The problem with the Cold Shots Campus Challenge was that the idea it promoted was interpreted as on that was about irresponsible drinking behaviour. Instead, the goal of the new Facebook initiative should be about creating a space where consumers can share their experiences with Molson products. This place will consist of primarily user-generated content (photos, questions, stories, etc), but can be monitored by Molson Canada. It is also a place for Molson Canada to highlight their community involvement activities, new products or other sponsorship initiatives. Also, this Facebook group can direct Facebook users to other social media sites that Molson Canada may have (eg. Youtube channel, Blog content, etc. ). The new Molson Canada Facebook page will be a place where people can share their experiences, opinions and perspectives related to Molson products. The page will be a place of user-generated content, such as photos, anecdotes or links. Furthermore, this Facebook page will be monitored by the Social Media Marketing Specialist. Any requests, complaints or comments should be addressed by the Specialist. Furthermore, this Facebook page will be a way Molson is able to promote other marketing initiatives such as entries on the current Molson blog 9 (blog. molson. com) or the Molson Canada website (molsoncanadian. ca). Using Facebook analytics and Google analytics, Molson will be able to track the growth and popularity of their brand by the number of times they are mentioned in on the Internet. The following is an implementation outline that will be further explained in detail. Part I: Re-launch Facebook Initiative (December 2007- March 2008) a) Creation of Social Media Marketing Specialist Position in the Marketing Operations Department and Social Media Marketing Committee b) Define social media marketing strategy c) Create a new Facebook page d) Launch a contest to promote the new Facebook page a. Cheers to College Caption Contest e) Promote Contest using Facebook Ads Part II: Generating Knowledge from Social Media (ongoing) Part I: Re-launch Facebook Initiative a) Hire a Social Media Marketing Specialist position within the Marketing Operations Department. This individual will report to the director of Marketing Operations and will be responsible for re-launching the Facebook page as well as the Cheers to College Caption Contest. In the future, this position will be the representative of Molson on the Facebook group and will be responsible for responding to Facebook inquiries, generating some content for the Facebook page and for analysing the impact of social media marketing initiatives. This position will also work with the directors of the public relations department, customer relations department, sales and IT department to ensure the Molson brand is consistently represented across all mediums. This working group will be the Social Media Marketing committee and will be responsible for evaluating the effectiveness of the marketing campaign. In the future, this position would deal with social media marketing, relationship building and maintenance of social media sites (Facebook, blog, Twitter, Youtube, Flickr, etc. ). 10 Define social media marketing strategy The next step is to define a social media strategy. This strategy will be developed by the Social Media Marketing committee and will require approval from the director of Molson Canada. The goal of the strategy is to identify the key values or lifestyle that Molson wishes to achieve through social media marketing. Another part of the strategy is to develop methods in which these goals can be achieved. A goal could be the promotion of responsible drinking habits, specifically target to responsible drinking on college campuses. Another goal could be the creation of an informal online community where opinions or experiences about Molson products can be shared. Furthermore, suggestions or complaints can be heard by and addressed by a Molson representative (the Social Media Marketing Specialist). Molson can also consider asking the members of the Facebook Group what they want to see in Molson’s social media marketing strategy and taking their suggestions into consideration. c) Creation of a new Molson Canada Facebook page After the Social Media Marketing Strategy has been approved, the Specialist can create the new and official Molson Canada Facebook page. The reason a new Facebook page should be created rather than using the old page is because of the negative attitudes that have been attached to the old Facebook page. Having a new page will allow Molson Canada more control in terms how Molson is depicted in the information box. The creation of a new Facebook page will also allow Molson Canada to have administrative controls and to view Facebook analytics capabilities, which is essential for tracking the success of the social media marketing campaign. This Facebook page is to be internally maintained to ensure that the Molson brand is consistently represented across all social media platforms (Molson Blog, Facebook groups, Flickr Groups, 11 etc. ) and to integrate the social media strategy with current traditional marketing strategies (social media, traditional methods such as television advertisements, billboards, magazines, etc. ). d) Launch Cheers to College Caption Contest The next step is to launch the Cheers to College Caption Contest on the Facebook group. The goal is to increase awareness of the new Molson Canada Official Facebook group as well as improve Molson’s brand image. The premise of the contest is to allow Facebook group members to write a caption or a tagline to a photo that illuminates the idea of a positive campus experience in a meaningful and humorous way. This professional advertisement photo will be supplied by the advertisement department of Molson Canada. The winning tagline and photo will be used in Molson’s Responsible Choices program and the winner will receive a monetary prize. This contest will run from January 2008 to March 2008 and the winners will be announced in April 2008. Promote contest using Facebook Ads and other Molson Facebook groups such as Molson Canadian, Coors Light pages. To generate knowledge and participation in the Cheers to College Caption Contest, the Specialist will promote the group and contest using Facebook Ads and by posting messages on other Molson Facebook groups, such as Coors Light Facebook page. Part II: Generating Knowledge by monitoring Facebook group activity using Facebook analytics and Google alerts. The Social Media Marketing Specialist is responsible for monitoring the progress of the Facebook social media program. Some tools that the Specialist can use are as follows: response from Facebook users, number of new Facebook group members, participation rate in regards to 12 the Cheers to College Caption Contest and the use of Facebook Insights, Google analytics and Google Alerts. Quantitative measures can be taken from the web-based tools and qualitative measures can be taken from the response from the online community. Figure 2: Google Analytics (www. google. com/analytics) Figure 3: Google Alerts (www. google. com/alerts) 13 Timeline Item Create Social Media Marketing Specialist Position and Social Media Marketing Committee Define Social Media Marketing Strategy Create New Facebook Page Cheers to College Caption Contest Promote using Facebook Ads Monitor Facebook Page Dec’07 Jan’08 Feb’08 Mar’08 Apr’08 May’08 †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Contingency Plan and Measurement of Success One of the disadvantages of using Facebook is the difficulty in anticipating consumer responses. One way to mitigate this issue is to ask for feedback from the members on the Facebook group and to take their suggestions into consideration. Another way is to solicit comments on the Molson Blog. The Molson Blog comments can be filtered so that the responses only show publically if they are approved. That way, each comment can be monitored. Another way to address negative reactions is to address every concern or attempt to address every concern a consumer may post on the Facebook wall. Another issue is the difficulty to measure quantitatively, the success of the program. The various online analytical tools mentioned above help mitigate that issue. Based on these analytical tools, the Committee and the Specialist can decide on whether to continue on with the implementation plan or to readjust the plan based on consumer suggestions. Throughout the process, the Social Media Marketing Committee will meet regularly to evaluate the response of the public and to re-evaluate the direction of the Social Media Marketing Campaign. Social media marketing is a fluid and dynamic process. It requires constant monitoring, yet must also adhere to the Molson Brand and corporate strategy, and not be swayed by popular opinion. 14 Cost Initial Cost Social Media Marketing Specialist Contest (photography, monetary awards, legal fees) Facebook Advertisements Recurring Cost Social Media Marketing Specialist Conclusion In conclusion, Molson Canada has an opportunity to take advantage of the new social media marketing on Facebook to gain a competitive advantage and to build brand loyalty. Although the Cold Shots Campus Challenge had to be ended early, this new initiative will succeed because it is internally managed, possesses various checkpoints to ensure its success and, finally, it takes into account consumer insights and viewpoints. Furthermore, this plan has room for growth because of the built in structure of the plan (creation of a new position). Molson Canada is also equipped to adopt other social media sites (such as video sharing sites, photo sharing sites, micro blogging and forums) if they wish to expand their online presence and brand image. These applications are also wide-reaching, meaning that they can also reach international customers and can be translated into numerous languages. This has positive implications on Molson’s international profitability as well as domestic profitability. However, those plans are beyond the scope of this recommendation.

Essay on The Lead WarsEssay Writing Service

Essay on The Lead WarsEssay Writing Service Essay on The Lead Wars Essay on The Lead WarsWho were the two sides of the case that’s introduced in the first chapter and what was the case about?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The case involved the Kennedy Krieger Institute and two African American children and their families, since two researchers from the Kennedy Krieger Institute conducted the experiment to study the impact of lead on the two African American children. The case was about the unethical behavior of researchers, who exposed their subjects to the threat by exposing them to the impact of lead, although they were aware of its possible negative impact on their health.What does the CDC say is a level of concern for blood lead levels? How has that number changed? How many children are currently at risk, based on their blood lead levels?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The blood lead level was excessive in children involved in the experiment that caused the steady deterioration of their health in the course of t he experiment and influenced their further life. However, the number of children exposed to the risk of lead impact has decreased due to tighter government regulations and growing public pressure.What are some of the symptoms of acute lead poisoning?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Symptoms of the acute lead poisoning involve muscle pains, fatigue, abdominal ache, headache, nausea and vomiting, seizures and in the most serious cases coma.What are some common sources of lead poisoning?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The common sources of lead poisoning are plumbing and water supply, especially if water is contaminated with lead because of the close location of sources of the pollution. Moreover, lead may be found in soil, home dust, toys, traditional cosmetics and other sources. In such a way, lead may be found in many items people use or are exposed to in their regular life.What are some of the symptoms of chronic, low-dose lead poisoning?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Symptoms of chronic, low-dose lead poisoning include loss of short-term memory or concentration, depression, nausea, fatigue, problems with sleep, frequent headaches. Children with chronic, low-dose lead poisoning may refuse to play and tend to aggressive or hyperkinetic behavior. These symptoms may have different manifestations and some of them may be more distinct than others depending on the dose and the time of the exposure to the impact of lead.Explain the Kennedy Krier Institute lead study. Who was it studying and how was it studying them? What was the problem with the study that caused all the controversy? What are our societys concerns about research involving human subjects?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In case of the Kennedy Krier Institute lead study two African American children were studied. They were exposed to a different dose of lead in their home environment, whereas the researchers measured changes in their health by regular examination and tests. Researchers measured the level of lead in their blood, observed their behavior, examined their health condition and assessed changes that occurred to participants of the study. The exposure of children to the impact of lead has had the negative impact on their health that has triggered the major controversy of the study, especially after the court’s ruling that took the side of the researchers, who actually led two children to the development of chronic health problems caused by their exposure to the impact of lead. In such a way, the issue of the correlation between the safety of human subjects and scientific needs emerged in society, which grows more and more concerned with safety of scientific experiments, which though are essential for the scientific progress and naturally are accompanied to certain risks to subjects’ health.What role did community activist organizations take in reducing the impact of lead on the U.S. population?  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Community activist organizations push on the government and companies to decrease the impact of lead on the US population. They inform the public of the danger of lead and force the government to enhance environmental legislation. They also push on companies to decrease the exposure of the population to the impact of lead. In fact, community activist organizations stand for interests of local communities and attempt to defend needs of the local population to secure their position and prevent the risk of the development of numerous health problems due to the exposure of the population to the impact of lead.What was researcher Robert Kehoes argument behind his position that environmental lead was perfectly safe? What was the opposing viewpoint of researcher Clair C. Patterson?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kehoe stood on the ground that people are exposed to numerous risk factors along with lead that may cause the development of serious h ealth problems, whereas Patterson viewed lead as the primary cause of those health problems. Therefore, they view the problem of the lead impact on the population from different scientific perspectives. As a result, they naturally arrive to different views on the impact of lead on health of people.Why do the authors think that attempts to regulate the amount of lead in our environment have been less successful then efforts to stop other epidemics? What are the economic problems?   What are the political problems?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The regulation of the amount of lead in environment can decrease the risk of the development of serious health problems that will have a positive economic impact because it will reduce spending on health services and improve the public health. However, politically this decision is difficult because it causes costly changes in many industries. In fact, the major political problem is the lack of adequate resources that are essenti al for the protection of the population, while the introduction of strict regulatory policies may cause the downturn in the economic development of the country and decline of business activities because companies have to spend more resources on the environment and population safety than into their business development.How did the Bush administration in the early 2000s directly affect the independence of public health science? What about epidemiologya field that, in some ways, is restricted to natural experimentation just as environmental science ismakes it vulnerable to that sort of attack?  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The increased role of the government in epidemiological and public health control has decreased the role of public health science as an independent body. As a result, the government has started to play the main part in the epidemiologic management and public health policies. The increased role of government in the development of regulatory public health policies has raised the problem of the decreasing public control over epidemiologic situation and public health.

444 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

444 - Assignment Example In fact, even from the heading of the poem itself, I could guess that there was some Translocation or migration taking place. The poem consolidates the theme of the present and past in her demonstration of the movement of slaves in a precise manner that interests her ultimate audience. Contra wise, comprehending the novel chapters in a bid to extract the main idea was hectic. I had to read many lines and chapters to realize the perception of Africans as held by the Europeans. Indeed, the analysis of the two readings differed significantly from the analysis of Orientalism. It is because Orientalism of Edward is written based on facts and reality that should not be overemphasized or undermined. As opposed to two literary pieces that contain literary devices that the audience can make assumption about while interpreting, Orientalism is a unique literary piece that restricts the reader in accepting a central opinion based on the existing facts it presents. The opening of the reading, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† is of specific interest and needs consideration. The opening pattern of a novel or narrative should be effective to attract the audiences of the text to the body of the novel. Indeed, a book that presents a narrative about the life of a character or characters in the opening section of the story is significant in introducing the situations and themes in the text. Specifically, Chinua Achebe’s â€Å"Things Fall Apart† begins with the story of Okonkwo and his late father, Unoka. It presents the situation of Okonkwo as a respected leader of the Igbo community located in Eastern Nigeria. The story covered the life of the character in the past when he brought glory to the village through wrestling Amalinze the Cat to the ground. From that instance, his reputation grew significantly across the Umuofia’s nine villages. Besides, the story exposes his character, for example, his nature of getting angered quickly . When

Religious Approaches Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religious Approaches - Essay Example The non-Christian Chinese should engage them through these core values that are also shared by the Christians and they should come in it knowing that it is not an event for hostile arguments. They should not seek to defend nor to attack for at the end no one will emerge as the winner. The dialogue should be conducted with the aim of increasing understanding. The non-Christians Chinese should at all times make sure that the formal debate doesn’t occur outside the dialogue. This doesn’t imply that there should no, or there will be no disagreement at the time of the dialogue. Since the differences that exist at the core of individual’s systems of belief are at issue, frequent disagreements are bound to be there. However, the dialogue isn’t the forum for trying to demonstrate the greatness of one system of belief over another. Open disagreement is supposed to primarily take place only whenever a participant is convinced that another participant has prompted or made a misconception to the practices and beliefs of the first. The non-Christians Chinese when engaging Christians in dialogue, they are supposed to let them their own self-definition. This is a very important rule in such type of dialogue. Christians have to be given the chance to define their beliefs, as well as their understanding of the religious teachings without being contradicted by the non-Christian Chinese. They should also be willing to critically look into their very own religion as they look into Christianity.

Policy Change Proposal Section II Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Policy Change Proposal Section II - Assignment Example on would necessitate all health care organizations to have well established internal governing body that directly consult periodically with individuals concerned with organization of hospital medical staff. A requirement for a medical practitioner to be part of hospital’s governing body should be removed to avoid conflict of interests as it may hamper quality service delivery (Tavenner & Sebelius, 2013). There is no provision for establishment of Medicare inpatient rehabilitation facility and an effective long-term acute care quality reporting by either health practitioners or health care organizations. We propose that a secretary in the Ministry of Health and Medical Services would be required to establish an effective quality programs that would facilitate establishment of inpatient rehabilitation and group of providers that would cater for the need of individuals who require long term care in the hospital. Under this policy, all health care providers would be required to identify measures for this provision by 2013 and implement the identified quality measure reporting programs by 2014. These measures would lead to realization of efficient care and all dimensions of quality that are feasible and practicable (Tavenner & Sebelius, 2013). Some regulations passed by Center of Medical Services (CMS) subject hospices to financial and ethical problems. For instance, the current law requires hospices to be well equipped to resuscitate all patients that do not have a signed do-not-resuscitate order. The proposed policy change would ensure that hospice patient would access improved care and financial viability. The eligibility requirements would be re-evaluated to ensure that the policy is no longer a barrier to access. This would ensure that hospice patients access proper health care as they expect (Petersen, 2002). A number of policies and rules in the proposed policy change are aimed at helping hospitals and health care providers to better coordinate care

Teenagers And Cosmetic Surgery

Teenagers And Cosmetic Surgery Should Teenagers be Allowed to Undergo Cosmetic Surgery? Cosmetic surgery, known as a medical specialty concerned with the correction or restoration of form and function. ( Wikipedia Dictionary) Perhaps since the beginning of the time, self-improvement have been essential to the humankind. So, it is not surprise that the cosmetic surgery may be one of the worlds oldest healing arts. According to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons (ASPS), as far back as 4000 years ago, documented evidence exists of medical treatment for facial injuries.( ASPS, 2012 ) The first plastic surgeon was an American doctor, Dr. John Peter Mettauer. He carried out his first cleft palate operation in the year 1827 with instruments he handcrafted by himself. (Costhetics, 2009 ) Today, cosmetic surgery has been increased dramatically in the medical field as everybody seems to be obsessed with the Hollywood celebrity style image. Teenagers, especially girls, always find the ways to enhance their appearance for the reason of please someone else. The ASPS reports th at there have almost 219,000 cosmetic procedures done on people age 13 to 19 in 2009. There are many reasons that could affect a teenager to seek cosmetic surgery. The common reasons for cosmetic surgery among teenagers are peer pressure, media stereotypes, Body Dysmorphic Disorder and depression. (Pitsilis, 2009) Although cosmetic surgery may improve the confidence level of teenagers, it should not be allowed due to negative effects in terms of the physical, psychology and financial aspects. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to point out the incomplete physical, incomplete psychology and the financial burden of teenagers who seek cosmetic surgery. Teenagers should not be allowed to undergo cosmetic surgery as many teens body are still growing. The incomplete physical status may cause the teenagers have to redone the surgery as their body grew. Many adolescent girls who want to carry out the breast augmentation procedure due to breast asymmetry which means the size of one breast is different with other. (ASPS, 2012) In order to get the best result, the patient should delay the surgery until breast mature. It is because the benefits of surgery would be negate if the surgery carried out on a feature that has not yet full-grown. Besides that, another example of a surgery that is not advisable to do for the young teens is liposuction. Liposuction is a procedure that suck out excess fat under the skin. This procedure does not make sense to do because young teens may lose their weigh as they grew. Therefore, teenagers should not undergo the cosmetic surgery when they are young and the cosmetic surgeon should not touch the body that i s not yet full-grown. Although there are no clinical tests on the safety and long term effects of the cosmetic surgery for young teens, teenagers should not allowed to undergo cosmetic surgery. It is due to the surgery may cause harm later. Studies by implant manufacturers report that most women have at least one serious complication within the first 3 years, including infection, hematomas and seromas, capsular contracture, loss of nipple sensation, and hypertrophic scarring.( Zuckerman, 2005) Therefore, teenagers should not be allowed from doing cosmetic surgery as a premature surgery may cause many problems to teens in future. Another reason that the teenagers should not be allowed undergo cosmetic surgery is their psychology incomplete. Most of the teenagers could not make a mature decision as they do not have the realistic expectation about the cosmetic surgery. They believe the surgery can change their life dramatically, such as a change in popularity status.( Odunze, 2011 ) Such unrealistic expectation will disappointed the teens even the result of surgery is acceptable. So, the cosmetic surgery is not a wise choice for teens who do not know the limitation of surgery. Furthermore, most of the teens do not have experience about the cosmetic surgery as it is their first time to get the cosmetic surgery. Therefore, they have no idea how pain of the incisions and how long of the recovery time. ( Odunze, 2011) Cosmetic surgery is a dangerous idea for teenagers as their decision always based on impulse. They are going to see the positive but never think about the negative. (Woinarowicz, 2007) They do not realize the risk of surgery even they are going to it. Therefore, the cosmetic surgery should not be carried out for teenagers as they do not know the negative. Moreover, teenagers should reconsider if they want to undergo cosmetic surgery. It is because they always neglect the views of society that may be the pressure of them after they got the surgery. They may receive less respect from their peer and even squeezed out by their friends. ( Crump, 2012 )So, the cosmetic surgery should not should not easy access by the young teens. Another reason that the cosmetic surgery should not be an option to teenagers is that they are obsessed with their looks. Most teenagers have some kind of dissatisfaction with their bodies. Then, they may seek cosmetic surgery as they believe that it can solve their problem. The peers also could affect how the teens view their body. When a friend says a negative comment to a persons body, that person will believe it and find a way to change it. Doubtless, the cosmetic surgery would be the effective and fast way to solve the dissatisfaction. (Woinarowicz, 2007) However, they do not realize that their body will grow and change in a couple years. Then, it is not necessary to get the cosmetic surgery as the factor of surgery had disappeared. So, the teenagers should not be allowed to undergo cosmetic surgery as they would not get the result they wanted if they are aiming perfection. The costs of cosmetic surgery are substantial is the final reason why young teens should not be allowed to undergo the cosmetic surgery. The large bill that results from cosmetic surgery probably could not afford by the young teens since the health insurance rarely cover this surgery. If a teenager had a struggle paying for the first procedure, then he or she will probably not be able to pay for the procedures that will be needed in the future.ÂÂ   ( Woinarowicz, 2007) In other hand, the money should spend for other important cases such as education instead of cosmetic surgery that cost thousands of dollars. The cosmetic surgery is not the only way to improve quality of life. Therefore, the teenagers should not to seek the cosmetic surgery as they are not financially stable. However, there are still groups of people who are think that the cosmetic surgery should be allowed for teens. The common argument is that the cosmetic surgery can improve physical characteristics. The intention of teens to get cosmetic surgery probably due to peer pressure. They want to be seen differently by their peers or just want to fit in. Cosmetic surgery as a self-esteem lift. They can achieve gain in confidence when they improve their physical characteristics by undergoing a cosmetic surgery. ( Patriot-News, 2009 ) Besides, the cosmetic surgery also can help to reduce depression. According to a study by ASPS, a significant number of patients stopped taking antidepressant medication after getting cosmetic surgery. ( Nauert, 2006 ) It is because the surgery can help patients be more happier by taking control over something that has truly bothered them. In actual fact, although the cosmetic surgery may really can improve their physical characteristics, most of the teens are undergoing the surgery with wrong reason. Cosmetic surgery is not a only way to fit into their peers. In contrast, the surgery may lead to further emotional scars because the teens will grow and wonders if the surgery was a wise option. Furthermore, the short-term benefits of cosmetic surgery also may decrease over time. It may due to common complications of surgery, weigh gain, or even aging. (Zuckerman and Abraham, 2008 ) The surgery also contain a lot of risks that the teenagers do not know. Parent have the responsibility to advise their teens as look are not everything. The young teens should learn to accept theirselves which is valuable, especially when it can prevent the teens to get the cosmetic surgery that cost thousands of dollars. Opponents also argue that the cosmetic surgery is a reasonable action to teenagers as it is a way to avoid bullying. Bullying is a new trend in the lives of teenagers. In an attempt to solve this trend, there have non-profit organization such as Little Baby Face Foundation that aims to help the teens who born with facial deformities by providing free surgery. ( Diller, 2012 ) By getting the surgery, the teens obviously benefit from it. It is because the surgery can improve their social success and also improve their quality of life. Then, the teens could having their life much more happier and easier and get their newfound confidence from it. Although the cosmetic surgery may beneficial for certain teens, the bullying still can be tackled via other ways. It is more important to teach the skills that can combat the bullying rather than undergo cosmetic surgery. Parent play an important role in this problem. They should educate children admire and embrace difference since they were young so that the trend of bullying can be reduce. Besides that, teens also should be know that the confidence should to come from within as inside important than appearance. ( Discovery Institute, 2011 ) Moreover, the teens who get the surgery also more likely to being bully. It is because the bullying is a fact and there have no guarantee it will end with surgery. They still have the probability of make fun or tease by their peers as the reason that being the target of bullying is not based on legitimate reason. So, going under the knife could not really stop the living nightmare of bullying. Therefore, the cosmetic surgery is not a reasonable action for young teens who want to combat bullying. The opponents also argue that the cosmetic surgery could effectively reduce the problems of psychological disorder in particularly Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD). Body dysmorphic disorder is a condition that involves obsessions, which are distressing thoughts that repeatedly intrude into a persons awareness.'( Lyness, 2010 ) The surgery could correct flawed appearance of young teens so that they would not feel depression on their look. The study of TeensHealth show that many people with BDD may consider or attempt suicide due to depress on their look. In addition, the obsessions that due to BDD can interfere the life of teens. For instance, the teens might spent a lot of money and time to make up to cover the problem. The life of teenagers would be transformed after they get the surgery as they could gain confidence from it. However, the cosmetic surgery would not improve the BDD as the condition of obsessive still present. So, the teens who have BDD will not be satisfied with the outcome of surgery even everything looks great. ( Lukash, 2010 ) Then, the patient often will request another surgery but is less likely to feel satisfied with the result . It is because they are too obsessed with a flaw that they convinced. Consequently, they will have more and more surgery that are not able to help them relief from it. So, the cosmetic surgery could not address the BDD but can be treated by an mental health professional. The treatment that given by the professional can helps to correct the pattern that causing BDD so that the person can fully enjoy their life as the BDD truly interfere them. All in all, the costly and risky cosmetic surgery should not be undergo by teenagers as they are incomplete physical, incomplete psychology, and the large bill of surgery can be the financial burden of them. In addition to that, parent should take a more serious view on this matter and take over the responsibility of educate their teens since they are young so that the surgeries that done on teens can be decreased. In conclusion, the teenagers should not be allowed to undergo the cosmetic surgery if the teens do not have serious problem that can interfere their daily activities. It is due to the teenagers are too young and cannot made a rational decisions for themselves. Therefore, in order to decrease the cosmetic surgeries that done on young teens, the related department should strengthen the laws as it approve the teens get cosmetic surgery before they are both mature in physical and psychology. Besides, the cosmetic surgeon also should ensure the patient is fully understand the risks and limitation of surgery so that the cosmetic surgery performed on the patient can be beneficial. All in all, the cosmetic surgery should not be done on teenagers who at young age. (2,136 words)

Guns Germs and Steel summary

Europeans had an advantage over the Native Americans. They had the horses and the guns. Guns played a major role in the success of the Europeans. Guns not only aided in overthrowing the Native Americans, but also aided in keeping the Europeans alive by allowing them to hunt and gather food. Horses also played a huge role. They made battle and travel easier. Over time, the use of animals began advancing. Animals provided warmth and lolls.They aided in warfare as well by providing transportation for those fighting and also for transportation of foods and other goods. Animals were a major tool in the farming of land. This allowed for the technological advance of going from hunter- gatherers to food producer. This advance increased the crop yields, which allowed for an increase in population. Food production and larger populations favored more rapid technological development. People began inventing things Just out of curiosity or even to take up a new hobby.Many Native tribes, such as th e Navajo, began adapting the European use of dyes for weaving. Some tribes also took up ranching. A big technological advance was writing. The Europeans created a writing system, which would allow the transmission of knowledge across the land. Writing allowed long distance communication among the Europeans. It was the new technological advance that changed their lives for the better. They could write to someone a ways away without they, themselves, having to be there.Writing also yielded communication and record keeping of certain events. The next advance was the organization of societal roles. Bands and Tribes had egalitarian governments with Informal leadership and no real structure to conflict resolution. Chiefdoms Justify kleptomaniac and have a centralized form of conflict resolution. States have a centralized government with many levels of bureaucracy. States are good at developing weapons and providing troops. Egalitarian governments with informal leadership and no real struc ture to conflict.

Convention Rights Persons With Disabilities Health And Social Care Essay

Peoples with disablements exist in every age group, every societal sector, every category and every cultural and spiritual community. They frequently do non hold a voice of their ain in issues that affect their lives. It is of import to understand the causes of disablement and the favoritism intended for the handicapped, and steps that need to be taken to guarantee the equal enjoyment of human rights for individuals with disablements. Societies must work as a whole to incorporate handicapped individuals into the life of society and supply them with equal chances in schools, the workplace and the planetary community. A December 13, 2006 the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ( CRPD ) was implemented. Presently 99 states have approved the Convention and there are 147 members. A high figure of developing states are included in subscribing the Convention. It is to probably those developing states will be inquiring development histrions for support after O.K.ing the convention in the execution of the rules and adhering duties. Around 650 million people, 10 % of the universe ‘s population live with a disablement. Harmonizing to the UN Development Program ( UNDP ) 80 % of individuals with disablements live in developing states ( â€Å" Rights and self-respect, † 2011 ) . Estimated by the World Bank 20 % of the universe ‘s poorest people are handicapped and are regarded as the most disadvantaged in their ain communities ( Takamin, 2004 ) . The term individuals with disablements is applied to all people with disablements. It includes people who have long term mental, physical, rational or centripetal damages. These disablements can impact their engagement in society. â€Å" Impairment is a functional restriction caused by physical, mental or centripetal harm and a disablement can be defined as a loss or decrease of chances to take portion in the mundane life of the community on an equal degree † ( Yeo, 2003 ) . â€Å" It is of import to observe that a individual with a disablement may be viewed as a individual with a disablement in one society or scene, but non in another, depending on the function that the individual is anticipated to take in his or her community. † â€Å" The convention recognizes that disablement is an germinating construct and that statute law may accommodate to reflect positive alterations within society. † ( â€Å" Country profile: Thailand, † 2010 ) . The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities consists of an article on international cooperation, indicating out the spread between developed and developing states. Issues such as human rights misdemeanors, poorness, and societal exclusion are overmastering and have prevented the planetary South to hold important betterment. Article 32 in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities insist that there be international cooperation for the support of the CRPD in developing states, one time a state has ratified the convention they become required to prosecute in international cooperation. The of import inquiry to maintain in head is how can international partnership be efficaciously put into action in developing counties. With the aid of official giver bureaus and non-governmental organisations ( NGOs ) which represent individuals with disablements and the households in developing states the CRPD can be applied. Thailand is one state that has had the aid of four major NGOs working with individuals with disablements and official giver bureaus from developed counties such as the United Kingdom, Australia, and Japan ( â€Å" Thailand homo rights, † 2011 ) . Thailand approved the CRPD in July 2008 along with Australia. Thailand symbolize the typical issues developing states face, such as poorness. Thai individuals with disablements are challenged with poorness. NGOs in Thailand in comparing to other developing counties are good recognized, the representatives of NGOs in Thailand are strongly taking portion in the development of the policy on disablement on a national degree ( â€Å" Thailand homo rights, † 2011 ) . More attending has been given to the world of individuals with disablements among the deprived people in developing states. International Organizations such as the World Bank province that individuals with disablements are the poorest of the hapless. Harmonizing to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific about 160 million individuals with disablements which are over 40 % of the entire figure of individuals with disablements are populating in poorness ( Takamine, 2003 ) . Around 100 million people in developing states have a medical status due to malnutrition and hapless sanitation ( Takamin, 2004 ) . Social exclusion helps to clearly grok the association between poorness and disablement. In developing states, individuals with disablements are more likely to see different types of societal segregation including: limited societal contact, exclusion from formal/informal instruction and employment, the community has low outlooks from them and they hold low outlooks for themselves, exclusion from the political/legal procedure, exclusion from basic health care, the lowest precedence for any limited resources such as nutrient, clean H2O, and heritage, and deficiency of support for the high disbursals straight linked with the damage such as dearly-won medical interventions ( Yeo, 2003 ) . All of these factors take away the chance for individuals with disablements to do an income, puting them in the absence of province support. Damage may be caused by malnutrition and hapless wellness that is a consequence of hapless people being deprived of health care and healthy nutrient. Poor people a re frequently oppressed and sent to work in unsafe conditions, which generates hazard of accidents and physical damage. â€Å" Poverty and disablement are reciprocally reenforcing, as individuals with disablements are socially excluded and equal societal services are non provided † ( United Nations, 2007 ) . In developing states we see a big sum of people who are handicapped and life in poorness. To better the fortunes, individuals with disablements in these developing states should be involved in all the development attempts of their states, and an inclusive development attack should be put in topographic point to cover with the different signifiers of societal exclusion. Disability is a major issue that requires strong support and partnerships from different participants. The procedure to outline the CRPD began in 2001, and in 2002 the United Nations Asian and Pacific Decade of Disabled Persons adopted a set of policy guidelines known as the â€Å" Biwako Millennium Framework for Action to Promote an Inclusive, Barrier-free and Rights-based Society for Persons with Disabilities in Asia and the Pacific † ( United Nations, 2007 ) . In the Framework, the rights-based attack is suggested for the formation of national disablement policies and assistance plans in the Asia-Pacific part ( United Nations, 2007 ) . This guarantees that individuals with disablements benefit from all the rights which other citizens enjoy. In developing states human rights tools promote the quality of life of people ; it is questioned whether the Declaration of the Right to Development would be better guaranteed by UN and international NGOs instead than single state provinces ( Dean, 2008 ) . International assistance organisations in some developing states have been the chief organic structure for promoting societal policy associated to individuals with disablements and supplying pertinent comfortss. Refering this Article 32 clarifies that international cooperation is â€Å" in support of national attempts for the realisation of the intent and aims of the present Convention † ( â€Å" Convention on the, † 2011 ) . UK, Australia and Japan are three developed states that have been involved in international development plans refering disablement and have set up policies on development cooperation. The UK has one functionary giver bureau that deals with disablement that has been playing a primary function in development assistance called the Department for International Development ( DFID ) . DFID works in association with NGOs and accentuates the rhythm of disablement and poorness and the authorization of individuals with disablements. Stating that â€Å" cut downing poorness by undertaking societal exclusion is a DFID ‘s policy † and â€Å" disablement is about favoritism and exclusion – cardinal facets of DFID ‘s work – † DFID is dedicated to turn toing issues of disablement in its development plans throughout the universe † ( â€Å" Dfid section for, † 2011 ) . In Australia the Australian Agency for International Development ( AusAID ) has besides made an attempt to â€Å" set up Australian leading on disablement † . Since early 2008 AusAID formed a unit of NGOs and other stakeholders to make new disablement scheme for the Australian assistance plan for 2009-2014, titled â€Å" Development for All † . Effective international leading on disablement and development is one of the chief aims of the scheme which is in confederation with CRPD Article 23 ( Saunders, 2007 ) . In 2003 the Japan International Cooperation Agency ( JICA ) in confederation with Nipponese experts and NGO representatives developed its policy paper on â€Å" support for individuals with disablements † ( â€Å" Nipponese abroad cooperation, † 2011 ) . Hundreds of voluntaries and professional are sent out yearly by JICA to both governmental and non-governmental organisations for support to work in particular instruction, physical therapy, vocational preparation, and many others. It has besides helped a figure of disability-related undertakings carried out by the authoritiess of developing states. ( â€Å" Nipponese abroad cooperation, † 2011 ) . The population of Thailand in mid-2007 recorded by the United Nations is about 62,829,000 million, with 5.7 million life in Bangkok the capital metropolis. The National Statistical Office ‘s Disability Survey in 2002 found that 1.7 % of the people dwelling of 1.8 % male and 0.9 % female had disablements. The rate among the rural population was twice that of the urban population harmonizing to the study. The Northeast 2.4 % , the South 1.9 % , and the North 1.8 % had higher rates of disablement, while Bangkok and the Central part had 0.7 % and 1 % ( â€Å" Thailand – asia-pacific, † 2011 ) . These statistics prove that rural parts have a higher bulk than the cardinal parts of hapless people, and more individuals with disablements live in these hapless parts. In 2007 1.9 million of the population had a disablement and the proportion of individuals with disablements to entire population was 2.9 % . ( â€Å" Thailand – asia-pacific, † 2011 ) . The Rehabilitation of Disabled Persons Act of 1991 and the united Ministerial Regulations which had been the chief legal instruments, was replaced by the Persons with Disabilities Empowerment Act which was enforced in 2007 ( â€Å" Persons with disablements, † 2007 ) . The Rehabilitation Act of 1991 set the footing for the rights of individuals with disablements to profit from public services. Other Acts besides involve rights for individuals with disablements such as the Social Security Act which gives registered individuals with disablements an allowance of 500 tical which is approximately 15 US dollars each month ( Camfield, 2009 ) . The National Education Act is besides in topographic point, which defends the rights of individuals with disablements to get instruction. However, compared to the current criterion of populating the survival allowance and other support are rather minimum, the day-to-day minimal pay of 2007 was 120 tical in Thailand. The National Office for Empo werment of Persons with Disabilities has been launched and works in coaction with other authorities bureaus and NGOs. These Acts guarantee that Thai individuals with disablements are given employment support and fiscal assistance, every bit good as educational, medical, rehabilitative, and services. District Public Welfare Offices and Health Centers offer aid to individuals with disablements, and Provincial Special Education Centers are responsible for educational services for kids with disablements ( Glassman, 2008 ) . The Thai authorities now has a more hands-on place on human rights. For illustration, the Thai diplomatic mission provinces that: â€Å" The state has increasingly striven to advance human rights consciousness through human rights instruction and to beef up legal models to advance and protect human rights in line with UN Conventions, in peculiar with respect to the rights of vulnerable groups † ( â€Å" The royal Thai, † 2008 ) . Furthermore, â€Å" Thailand has a long-standing committedness to heightening cooperation to elate the quality of life of adult females, kids and individuals with disablements every bit good as to guarantee their rights † ( â€Å" The royal Thai, † 2008 ) .Thailand ‘s confirmation of the CRPD was one of the earliest in Asia. The Persons with Disabilities Empowerment Act of 2007 is renowned as the first Thai jurisprudence to prohibit discriminatory and colored Acts of the Apostless against individuals with disablements and to penalize anyone that does non stay by the jurisprudence. Besides, the Act has expanded the rights for Thai individuals with disablements and explained these rights in more item. Most significantly the Thai authorities has confirmed its support for the CRPD by seting the domestic statute law to suit the CRPD ( â€Å" The royal Thai, † 2008 ) . There are four major NGOs which are involved in a broad scope of activities and influence on the Thai disablement policy which include: Thailand Association of the Blind ( TAB ) , the Redemptorist Foundation for People with Disabilities, the Association of Parents for Thai Persons with Autism under the Thai Autism Foundation, and the National Association of the Deaf in Thailand ( NADT ) . These NGOs epitomize individuals with disablements every bit good as their households ( Delcore, 2003 ) . Within the last few old ages in Thailand, all four NGOs acknowledge the Empowerment Act as an advanced legal device that has improved the legal and policy development, in footings of penalizing favoritism against those with disablements. They agree that even with an active disablement association and recent promotions at the national degree, the state of affairs of individuals with disablements has non been much improved in the rural countries due to poverty and countless societal exclusions. Many with disablements are still denied from instruction and employment. The private sector is in demand of more employment chances for individuals with disablements due to hapless apprehension and support of the employers. Furthermore, the quality of instruction and other related services for individuals with disablements requires more betterment in Thailand. Many individuals with disablements are have HIV/AIDS due to deficiency of instruction of it, and some individuals with disablements large ly deaf people are below the belt treated when it comes to legal instances due to incomplete gestural linguistic communication reading. Young adult females with disablements easy become victims of different developments, such as those with hearing damages or rational disablements are really weak and socially cut off and make non have sufficient instruction ( Delcore, 2003 ) . With the formation of the CRPD and the Thai Persons with Disabilities Empowerment Act betterments have been made at the national degree, nevertheless non much of a alteration has been made at the lowest degree in Thailand and other developing states. Stating that handicapped individuals have rights is of import although it may non be plenty to convey about a existent accommodation for handicapped individuals. All local leaders should be knowing about the rights of those with disablements every bit good as an duty to protect their rights. Another benefit is to hold local leaders with disablements that can function for the authorization and be an illustration to those with disablements in their community. This will recommend the demand to authorise individuals with disablements and educate local people on disablement issues. It is evident that the apprehension of the Thai public scope is limited refering the rights of individuals with disablements, and there is trouble in the transport ing out of the Empowerment Act and publicity of the CRPD in the authorities. They face many issues such as hapless apprehension, policies adopted by the cardinal authorities are non expressed in local authoritiess decently, and hence the apprehension of the rights of individuals with disablements at the local degree is really restricted. It is important to raise awareness through public instruction ( Delcore, 2003 ) . The Thai disablement policy is traveling on the right class. It is in a transitional period by following the international motions. The Thai disablement policy needs farther rating to hold existent execution. It is stressed that the appraisal and monitoring of policy execution are critical but presently missing. The future NGOs should be more involved in monitoring and rating. NGOs in Thailand and their representatives with disablements have been late really much involved in the formation of the national policy in comparing to the yesteryear every bit good as the environing developing states. While some people with disablements are asked to take part at the national degree, merely a little figure of individuals with disablements are take parting at the local degree. More local leaders with disablements and local self-help groups need to take part in the policy formation and force these plans at the local degree. More efforts should be made for authorising individuals with disablement s particularly in the rural countries ; the difference of the state of affairs of individuals with disablements between Bangkok and other parts has been increasing. The execution of Thai disablement policy should be farther dispersed in the hereafter by bettering local plans ( Delcore, 2003 ) . The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities has raised cardinal cognition of the rights of individuals with disablements in the developing states and has besides influenced the formations of their disablement policy. Thailand is a underdeveloped nation-state ; it has already ratified the CRPD and has launched an anti-discrimination jurisprudence for individuals with disablements. Article 32 on international cooperation in the CRPD states that â€Å" international cooperation is necessary to back up national attempts † . Through NGOs and civil society, and a state ‘s authorities, have the chief duty to back up and support the rights of its citizens with disablements and achieve international cooperation. Organizations of individuals with disablements and other NGOs have been the most active and have started the publicity of rights through their local webs. In Thailand, local leaders with disablements have great possible in distributing the ends of the CRPD a t the community degree. UK, Australia and Japan ‘s international giver bureaus have been involved for old ages, in helping the development for individuals with disablements. Distinguishing the relationship between poorness and disablement, these bureaus attempt to take in individuals with disablements and include them in their international development plans. Therefore, it is apparent that major giver bureaus are ready for the executing of CRPD Article 32 if they remain committed to achieve effectual execution. In add-on, their coaction with different associations that deal with individuals with disablements and other NGOs are turning, which will enrich plans of these bureaus.

Free Essays on Hoggart

and examples it reassured him that he was. Hoggart states, â€Å"He is in a way cut off by his parents as much as by his talent which urges him to break away from his group.† Hoggart is basically explaining what Rodriguez has experienced during his life. Rodriguez in fact Brenn 2 was cut off by his parents because they were not able to help him in his schooling because of there lack of education. It is clear that that Rodriguez is a scholarship boy in his childhood years. He depicts every aspect of a scholarship boy that Hoggart explains. Rodriguez exhibited the scholarship boy very strongly when he was student and now when his is writing his essay, â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† he does not seem to hold the sa... Free Essays on Hoggart Free Essays on Hoggart Richard Rodriguez utilized Richard Hoggart’s essay â€Å"The Scholarship Boy† in order to describe the kind of student that he was. In Rodriguez essay, he uses several examples from Richard Hoggart’s book, â€Å"The Uses of Literacy† to make a clear meaning of the term â€Å"scholarship boy† and what it did to change his life. The constant argument is whether or not Rodriguez is a scholarship boy. Rodriguez and Hoggart had their own versions of â€Å"The Scholarship Boy† yet they tied into each other because Rodriguez experienced the life of a scholarship boy and Hoggart explained what a scholarship boy was. In a way Hoggart became Rodriguez’s mentor and showed him that is not the â€Å"Scholarship Boy† that he once was. Rodriguez’s idea of a scholarship boy is defined as his own personal experience while Hoggart bases his definition of a scholarship boy on his knowledge of what he thinks it may be. Rodriguez lived the life of a scholarship boy and used Hoggart’s knowledge to relate it directly in his own life. Rodriguez was not certain if he was a scholarship boy, but with Hoggart’s words and examples it reassured him that he was. Hoggart states, â€Å"He is in a way cut off by his parents as much as by his talent which urges him to break away from his group.† Hoggart is basically explaining what Rodriguez has experienced during his life. Rodriguez in fact Brenn 2 was cut off by his parents because they were not able to help him in his schooling because of there lack of education. It is clear that that Rodriguez is a scholarship boy in his childhood years. He depicts every aspect of a scholarship boy that Hoggart explains. Rodriguez exhibited the scholarship boy very strongly when he was student and now when his is writing his essay, â€Å"The Achievement of Desire† he does not seem to hold the sa...

Gray Wolves In Yellowstone Essays - Yellowstone, Canid Hybrids

Gray Wolves In Yellowstone Essays - Yellowstone, Canid Hybrids Gray Wolves In Yellowstone The reintroduction of Gray Wolves into Yellowstone has had many positive affects such as controlling the populations of large game and taking out the small week stupid ones. Some farmers complain about them killing cattle but who cares what they think. The gray wolf, also called the timber wolf, is the largest of about 41 wild species within the dog family, Canidae, of the order Carnivora. All living wolves are considered a single species, Canis lupus. There are 32 recognized subspecies of the gray wolf. Wolf size varies. Adults range from about five to six and a half feet from nose to tip of tail, from 26 to 36 inches high at the shoulders, and weigh from 40 to 175 pounds. Gray wolves arent necessarily gray but grizzled gray is the most common color they can also be white, black or red. Wolves are distinguished from dogs by characteristics of the skull. At one time the wolf lived throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere. Most wolf populations are in Canada and Alaska, where they are relatively stable. Of the lower 48 only Minnesota has a wolf population large enough to maintain itself. Wolves live in packs. The Forestry Service reintroduced gray wolves to the northern Rocky Mountains as well as Yellowstone National Park in an attempt to re-establish the species after an absence of more than 60 years. Gray wolves were exterminated from the area by the late 1920s. They are designated as endangered under the Endangered Species Act in most of the lower 48 states. The reintroduction program is a cooperative effort with the National Park Service and USDA Forest Service. Late last century, we realized that something was wrong with the ecosystem in Yellowstone National Park. Without the wolves Yellowstone fails to maintain its natural state. It was made clear that the ecosystem in Yellowstone would never function properly until they were back. They decided that the wolf should be reintroduced into the ecosystem at Yellowstone. Many people, thought that this was foolish. The debate over wolves and Yellowstone has pissed off a lot of people, who will continue to rage for years. Why were wolves reintroduced to Yellowstone? Wolves helped restore Yellowstone's ecosystem to a condition that resembles the way used to be. The wolf, is a large predator, and therefor an important part of the parks ecosystem. Once the population recovered, interactions between predators and prey were restored. The wolves select the weakest and most vulnerable members of the populations of deer, elk, bison, and kill them. Such actions enhance the health of the parks game species as well as weeding out the wussies. Even with wolves roaming the parks, visitors will rarely see them. They will be able to understand the importance of the wolf and see how the balance of life is essential. The biological factors resulting from reintroducing the wolf are important. However, the wolf itself is a mystery and symbol to mankind. Today, not everyone feels that same way about the wolf and its surroundings. Many don't know and understand the importance of the wolf and its duty. What you do not know you will fear. What one fears, one destroys.

Analysis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 9

Analysis paper - Essay Example For instance, in the 1920s, there were various organizations that were dedicated in the in the provision of important precedents including suburbs and the bungalow building, Victoria streetcar among others (Cohen 194). Inequality in education that rose in the 1950s is another critical element that has been emphasized by the author. In fact, some of the problems that communities may be facing today regarding the inequality in education may have been as a result of the problems suburbia created during those days (Cohen 194). The author describes Suburbia as the home of affluence as well as the home of inequality. Inequality was the order of the day. Inequality was widely spread in almost every aspect of life in Suburbia. Access to mortgages, tax benefits, credit, as well as mass income tax, worked better in favor of a particular group compared to other groups. Additionally, there was still inequality between men and women, middle class, and working class as well as between the whites and the blacks. The prices of homes in Suburban communities were extremely high. Actually, they were high to an extent that very few workers in the manufacturing firms were willing to move closer the workplaces. With an average weekly was of $ 116.62, workers could not afford to pay for homes in areas where most industries were moving (Cohen 197). Segmentation of housing was somehow reduced after the postwar metropolitan housing market. Those working class individuals who were set aside for the middle-class suburban communities were simply by virtue of their personal expenses. For instance, to get a house in New Jersey in the early 1960s, about twenty miles away North West of Newark, an individual was required to take a mortgage of $ 15,000. Also, one was required to pay maintenance, taxes, other utilities and more important one was required to including the commuting cost. Mathematically, an individual was required to have an annual income of $

Drug Debate Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Drug Debate - Essay Example The divide came into sharpest focus in 1997 when Australian Federal Government decided to withdraw government support to methadone treatment in Australia as an antidote to heroin addiction (Bush and Neutze 2000). Prevailing moral attitudes towards drug use Moral positions vary widely from individual to individual. Those who have had no direct interactions with drug users and have no clear idea about the menace have developed some sort fear and abhorrence about it and hence consider drug abuse as something which is grossly immoral. As a corollary of this attitude, all drug addicts in their eyes are people devoid of either ethics or morality and all those who help these drug addicts in having their daily dose are equally immoral and corrupt. But those who have been in close contact with drug addicts have a much more sympathetic attitude about the issue of heroin maintenance (Dingelstad, et al. 1996). There are basically four different moral viewpoints about this issue: The first group believes that it should be permitted as long it does not inflict any harm on others. The second group believes that this is the only possible means to keep drug addicts alive and gradually improve their health and would in some distant future also help them to get rid of this habit completely. o The third group believes that this method would not help the drug addicts at all and therefore disapprove heroin maintenance claiming that there definitely should be some other option for improving the health of drug addicts and helping to get rid of the habit. o The fourth group believes that this is nothing but an excuse to continue with drug addiction and is therefore strongly opposed to it (Alcorn and Brady 1999). Thus, it seems the possibility of a rapprochement between these widely differing positions is rather remote. But all hope need not be lost as groups holding different attitudes can be questioned regarding the basis of their stands and we can reach a broad area of compromise. The first group, we may term them libertarians, might be questioned that though each individual should have freedom of choice but prolonged use of amphetamine might lead to sudden acts of intense aggression which could surely harm others. Thus, there should not be any blanket freedom in use of drugs. The fourth group consists of those that are strictly against use of any drugs. They are probably confused between use and abuse, since all drugs are used by medical practitioners in restricted doses to cure one ailment or the other. This brings us to the question how much use can be construed as abuse and this genuinely opens up the entire issue. The second and the third groups occupy a middle position as both these groups accept administration of drugs at permissible levels can be allowed provided it helps the drug users to finally overcome the habit and if that is the only way out. It is extremely necessary to bring the two extreme opinions closer to each other as public policy towards drug use must have the support of the majority for it to be a success. The middle ground should ideally be that drug use par se cannot be construed as immoral but if such use harms an individual or adversely affects community welfare, then such is to be restricted, if necessary by terming it as a criminal act (Martin 1999 ). This debate is further marked by what may be termed as